These compounds can have any number of carbon atoms and will contain atoms of other elements, the most frequently occurring of which is hydrogen. two electrons to form a double bond or,Ĭarbon atoms bond to each other in different ways to form compounds of various shapes including, straight-chain, branched-chain, or ring compounds.When two carbon atoms form a covalent bond, each atom can share: These bonds may be with other carbon atoms, or with other elements such as hydrogen and oxygen. To become stable, carbon will form four covalent bonds to fill its outer valence shell. The four macromolecules you will be required to know about for this course are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids.Ī carbon atom has four electrons in its valence shell.
All macromolecules have carbon as their main element. These molecules then join together to form much larger structures known as macromolecules. These six atoms bond together in a variety of combinations to form the molecules which make up the structures found in the cells of living things. Recall that the six main elements found in living things are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorous. Macromolecules and the Role Carbon in Living Things
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